This course provides a fundamental understanding of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), covering its principles, objectives, and processes. It explores different types of assessments, including Initial Environmental Examination (IEE), EIA, and Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA), along with decision-making theories. The course examines key techniques, including screening, scoping, and impact identification, with a focus on the Canadian context, while incorporating global case studies. Topics include the role of public consultation, baseline data collection, and impact assessment methods such as checklists, matrices, GIS techniques, and simulation models. Students will also learn about mitigation strategies, alternative analysis, pollution minimization, and remedial measures. Additionally, the course covers regulatory requirements, EIA reporting guidelines, and challenges in implementation.