The world is in the midst of a great energy shift as we seek to both mitigate and adapt to climate change. Investigate planetary thermodynamics as a basis for creating climate resilient energy systems. Explore renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, small­scale hydro, tidal, geothermal, and bio/electro-chemical, as well as their role in the overall energy system. Examine the benefits and liabilities of various renewable technologies including the emissions involved in their manufacture and end-of-life waste management. Analyze energy system reliability, storage, and efficiency. Apply thermodynamic principles and fundamentals of energy conversion to create realistic and operational energy systems. Distinguish the role of renewables in a larger energy system within a context of historical and contemporary policy making.